Hypersensitivity, also known as sensory over-responsivity, is a common characteristic impacting autistic children. It refers to a heightened or increased response to certain sensory stimuli, such as light, sound, touch, taste, or smell.
On the other hand, hyposensitivity refers to a decreased sensitivity to sensory input, which can result in a need for more intense or stimulating experiences. Individuals with autism may experience both hypersensitivity and hyposensitivity, depending on the type of sensory input and the individual’s unique characteristics
Autistic children with hypersensitivity may be easily overwhelmed by their environment and may have difficulty tolerating certain textures, clothing, or foods.
There are several different types of hypersensitivity that can affect children with ASD.
Auditory hypersensitivity, for example, refers to a heightened sensitivity to noise. Children with auditory hypersensitivity may have trouble tolerating loud sounds, such as vacuum cleaners or sirens, and may become agitated or upset when exposed to them.
Similarly, visual hypersensitivity refers to a heightened sensitivity to light, and children with this type of hypersensitivity may have trouble with bright lights or sunlight.
Tactile hypersensitivity refers to a heightened sensitivity to touch, and children with this type of hypersensitivity may have trouble tolerating certain textures or clothing.
Difficulties with daily life
Hypersensitivity can have a significant impact on autistic children and their ability to function in daily life.
For example, a child with auditory hypersensitivity may have difficulty in a classroom setting, where there are many different sounds and distractions. Similarly, a child with visual hypersensitivity may have difficulty in brightly lit areas or during outdoor activities.
It’s important to understand that hypersensitivity is not a choice, but rather a symptom of ASD that is related to the way the brain processes sensory information. The child’s reaction to the stimulus is not something that the child can control and that is the reason why it can be confusing, discomforting and emotionally draining for the child and their caregivers.
How to help
To help children with hypersensitivity, there are several strategies that can be used to accommodate their needs. These may include providing them with noise-cancelling headphones, adjusting lighting levels in the classroom, or using special clothing or textures to help them tolerate certain sensations.
Additionally, some children may benefit from occupational therapy, which can help them learn to tolerate certain sensations and improve their overall functioning.
It is important to work with the child’s healthcare team, including their pediatrician, occupational therapist, and psychologist, to develop strategies to manage hypersensitivity.
With the right support and accommodations, children with ASD can learn to tolerate and even enjoy a wider range of sensory experiences, which can help them to better participate in daily life activities and have a more fulfilling life.
For more help raising an autistic child feel free to browse our archive or visit the UK’s National Autistic Society’s website.
