Children with ASD can have a complex relationship with food, in this article we look into one of the possible results, autistic child constipation.

Autism and constipation

Raising an autistic child can be challenging in a number of ways. One quite common situation is when the child is constipated.

In this article, we delve into the reasons behind why constipation is prevalent among autistic children.

We explore both physiological and behavioural factors that contribute to this condition.

Dietary issues

Many autistic children have selective eating habits or sensory aversions to certain foods.

The result of these selective eating habits is that they may result in a limited and imbalanced diet.

A lack of fiber-rich foods, such as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, can contribute to constipation.

Certain foods can contribute to constipation by causing the poo to become hard and difficult to pass.

These include low-fiber foods such as processed and refined grains like white bread and pasta, fast foods that are typically low in fiber, sugary snacks, and desserts.

Dairy products, particularly hard cheeses, can also be constipating for some individuals.

Liquids

Just as many autistic children can have a difficult relationship with food, liquids can also be a problem.

Insufficient water intake can lead to constipation as water plays a crucial role in softening the poo and promoting regular bowel movements.

When the body doesn’t have enough water, the colon absorbs more water from the poo, resulting in dry and hard feces that are difficult to pass.

Sensory factors

Children with autism often have heightened sensory sensitivities, including an increased sensitivity to pain.

This heightened sensitivity can make bowel movements uncomfortable or even painful for them.

Consequently, they may suppress the urge to defecate, leading to constipation.

It is also possible due to hyposensitivity that the child does not feel and notice the signals being made by the body.

This could lead to longer gaps between passing the stool and therefore constipation.

Routine and rigidity

Some autistic children may be anxious about passing poo and therefore really try to hold it in.

This added to the fact that repetitive behaviours can develop can lead to children automatically trying to keep their stool in their body.

In addition it could be factors external to the toileting causing the issue.

An autistic child may become anxious or distressed when these routines are disrupted.

Changes in daily routines, such as travel, school holidays, or alterations in meal times, can disrupt regular bowel habits, potentially leading to constipation.

Communication

Some autistic children struggle with speech or have difficulty communicating their needs and sensations.

They may have trouble expressing when they need to use the bathroom or when they experience discomfort.

This could then end up hindering their ability to address constipation promptly.

Sensory avoidance

Sensory avoidance behaviours can also be a factor if the child is potty trained.

Issues such as avoiding public restrooms due to the overwhelming sights, sounds, or smells, can lead to the child delaying or withholding bowel movements.

This withholding behaviour can eventually lead to constipation.

Summary – Autistic child constipation

Constipation is a common concern among autistic children, arising from a combination of physiological and behavioural factors.

Understanding the unique challenges faced by these children can guide parents, caregivers, and healthcare professionals to develop appropriate interventions.

By bringing in strategies to support regular bowel habits, it is possible to enhance the well-being and overall quality of life for autistic children.